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J. R. WILLIAMS.

' Manufacture of Horseshoes..

No. 225,259. Patented Mar 9 1880 ,v v :F: ,A .a 1....# 5.1.5:- Y

' i V 2 Sheeuts-Sheet 2". J. R. WILLIAMS. Manufacture of Horseshos.

No. 225,259. Patented Mr.9,18so.

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i JOHN B. WILLIAMS, OF JOHN STOWN, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO OAMBRIAIRON COMPANY.

MANUFACTURE OF HORSESHOES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 225,259, dated March 9,1880. Application filed August 18, 1879.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN R. WILLIAMS, of Johnstown, in the county ofCambria and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and usefulImprovements in the Manufacture of Horseshoes, of which the following isa specification.

'Ihesubj ect of this inven tion is a calked horseshoe produced in steelin one piece without welding, the calks being hardened, especially attheir points, to render them durable, and the body of the shoe beingannealed to render it strong and not liable to break.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a plan view of the under sideof a calked horseshoe illustrating my invention.A Fig. 2 is a verticalsection of the same on the line 2 2, Fig. l. Figs. 3 and 4 are sectionalviews, showing the shoe in the chemical andwater baths, illustrating themode of carrying my invention into effeet, as hereinafter described.

` B represents the body ofthe shoe; O O, callrs, of pyramidal or othertapering shape, formed thereon; and D, the customary toe-clip.

The mode of rolling calked-horseshoe bars from suitabler bars or billetsof steel is described and shown in my Letters Patent N o. 182,732, datedSeptember 26, 1876. The bar, having been thus suitably formed, iscreased and trimmed and bent and finished, as I have described inseveral applications now pending' in the United States Patent Office. Bythus producing the calked blank and the calked shoe I obtain calksformed in one piece from the solid bar and a horseshoe that is in onesolid piece Without welding in any of its parts.

The callred shoe, having been thus made, is tempered unequally by thefollowing process: The shoe is heated to a cherry-red, and, being takenfrom the Iire by means of tongs, is set in upright position-that is tosay, with the calks downward-in a mixture, E, of equal parts ofprussiate of potash saltpeter, and sal-ammoniac in a linely-pulverizedstate, lying about one-quarter of an inch deep on a plate, F, asillustrated in Fig. 3. The calks of the shoe are allowed to rest in thismixture for a few seconds,

and are then immersed in water, by means of the apparatus shown in Fig.4,'without immersing the body B of the shoe. To effect this object Iemploy a rack or frame, G G, consisting of bars at a sufficient distanceapart to admit the calks between them, and extending across a suitablevessel, H, containing water, the water being allowed to lill the vesselup to the level of the top of the bars G, or nearly so7 so as to coolthe calks G C. which project downward between the bars, without cooling,by actual contact, the body B of the shoe, the said body B being at thisstage much too hot to be annealed by water. The bars permit the calks ofthe shoe to project down between them into the water, as shown; but thewater in the .vessel should not cover the supporting-bars Gr; otherwisethe body B of the shoe is liable to be too rapidly cooled, andconsequently hardened. The shoeis allowed to rest on these bars with thecalks in thewater until the body B is reduced to the annealing heat byspontaneous cooling', the required heat being a darli-red color in thedark. When the body has reached a sufficiently low temperature byspontaneous cooling it is plunged into water and cooled, which completesthe operation and produces a calked horseshoe with hardened oalks and anannealed body.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as newtherein and desire to secure by Letters Patent: I

l. A calked horseshoe composed of steel i one piece, with the calks Ghardened and the body B annealed, as hereinbefore described.

2. The processes of hardening the calks and annealing the body of acalked horseshoe by preliminary treatment with chemicals, sudden coolingof the calks only by immersing them in water, and subsequent cooling ofthe whole after the body has reached the annealing temperature,substantially as herein set forth.

JOHN R. WILLIAMS.

Witnesses:

GYRUs ELDER, ROBERT P. FIELD.

